Note: If you like content of these chapters, you should strongly consider taking Psy 456 (Attitudes and Social Behavior) and/or Psy 457 (Group Processes), if you haven=t already done so.

3. According to Festinger=s (1954) theory, to whom are we most likely to compare ourselves?

4. How does Craig and Prkachin=s (1978) study of pain perception demonstrate that people=s subjective perceptions sometimes play a larger role than objective Areality?@ What is it that affects their subjective perceptions in this study? How do we know that the results of this aren=t simply the result of people trying to appear Atough@ to the other research participants in this study?

5. Under what circumstances does the majority opinion influence people? Under what circumstances does the minority opinion influence people? Work by Moscovici and colleagues found a critical Aingredient@ that had to be present for the minority to have an influence -- what is this?

6. What are the symptoms of Agroupthink?@ How can we protect against it?

7. What is group polarization? Why was it initially called a Arisky shift?@ Why is Arisky shift@ not the most accurate term to describe what occurs?

8. How does Apermissive leadership@ improve group problem solving? Under what circumstances is it especially helpful? Is this still a good style of leadership when several of the people in the group have the wrong answer to a problem and only one or a few have the correct answer?

11. In what ways is a Adictatorial@ group decision technique most effective?